### Lesson Plan: Shapes and Patterns
**Grade Level**: Year 2 (Second Grade)
**Subject**: Mathematics
**Topic**: Shapes and Patterns
**Duration**: 60 minutes
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#### **Objectives:**
1. Students will be able to identify and name common 2D shapes (e.g., circle, square, triangle, rectangle, hexagon).
2. Students will be able to identify and extend simple patterns.
3. Students will understand the concept of symmetry in shapes.
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#### **Materials:**
- Flashcards with different 2D shapes
- Pattern blocks or cut-out shapes
- Interactive whiteboard/smartboard
- Colorful markers or crayons
- Worksheets for shapes and patterns
- Mirrors for exploring symmetry
- Chart paper
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#### **Introduction (10 minutes):**
1. **Greetings and Warm-Up**
- Welcome the students.
- Briefly review what they know about shapes from previous lessons.
2. **Objective Overview**
- Explain the objectives of today's lesson.
3. **Shape Song**
- Play a shapes song (e.g., on YouTube) to recap and engage students.
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#### **Direct Instruction (15 minutes):**
1. **Introduce 2D Shapes**
- Show flashcards of each shape.
- Name the shapes one by one: circle, square, triangle, rectangle, hexagon.
- Discuss properties of shapes (number of sides and corners).
2. **Symmetry Introduction**
- Demonstrate symmetry using a chart paper drawing (e.g., draw a butterfly).
- Use a mirror to show symmetrical halves of shapes.
3. **Introduce Patterns**
- Explain what a pattern is (a repeated design or recurring sequence).
- Show examples of basic patterns (e.g., AB, AAB, ABB using shape cards).
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#### **Guided Practice (10 minutes):**
1. **Shape Identification Activity**
- Hand out shape flashcards randomly to students.
- Call out shape names and ask students to show their corresponding flashcards.
2. **Pattern Creation Activity**
- Use pattern blocks or cut-out shapes.
- Create a pattern together as a class (e.g., circle, square, circle, square).
- Ask students to continue the given pattern.
---
#### **Independent Practice (15 minutes):**
1. **Worksheets**
- Distribute worksheets that contain shapes and patterns.
- First section: Students will identify and color different shapes.
- Second section: Students will complete and extend given patterns.
2. **Symmetry Exploration**
- Provide students with mirrors and give them pre-drawn half-shapes to make complete symmetrical shapes.
---
#### **Closure (10 minutes):**
1. **Review and Recap**
- Quickly go over the key points of the lesson.
- Ask a few students to share one new thing they learned about shapes or patterns.
2. **Interactive Game**
- Play a quick game like "Shape Hunt" where students race to find objects in the classroom that match the shapes discussed.
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#### **Assessment:**
1. **Observation**
- During guided and independent practice, observe students' ability to identify and name shapes, extend patterns, and understand symmetry.
- Take notes on students who may need additional help with specific concepts.
2. **Worksheet Review**
- Collect and review worksheets to assess individual understanding of shapes and patterns.
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#### **Differentiation:**
- **For Advanced Learners**: Provide more complex patterns to work with, like AABBAA or ABBABB.
- **For Struggling Learners**: Use simpler patterns and provide additional one-on-one support.
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#### **Extension:**
1. **Art Integration**
- Allow students to create their own symmetrical butterflies using craft materials.
2. **Pattern Block Challenge**
- Set up a station with pattern blocks for students to explore and create their own patterns during center time.
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By the end of this lesson, students should have a solid understanding of basic 2D shapes and patterns, and be able to recognize symmetry in shapes, setting the foundation for further geometry concepts.